A comparison of the innovation ecosystems in China and Finland using the triple helix model
Abstract: This research compares and contrasts the innovation ecosystems in China and Finland using the triple helix model of innovation. The Chinese innovation ecosystem prioritizes the industry, as the major recipient of R&D funds, in the knowledge space for generation of new knowledge and innovations, and its consensus space is organized with a top-down approach under the leadership of the national government. The Finnish innovation ecosystem, on the other hand, has a more balanced structure in its consensus space merging top-down and bottom-up approaches with the involvement of multiple stakeholders. It empowers regional innovation ecosystems, and the university has a more prominent role for new knowledge generation in the knowledge space than in China. Our analysis brings suggestions to both China and Finland to further develop their innovation ecosystems.
Keywords: Innovation ecosystem, triple helix model, China, Finland.
Authors:
Murat Akpinar, corresponding author, JAMK University of Applied Sciences, School of Business, Rajakatu 35, 40200, Jyväskylä, Finland, murat.akpinar (at) jamk.fi
Luo Qi, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, China, angelaluoqi (at) 163.com